Embryo Culture of Three Coffee Species on Various Fruit Ages and Media Formulations

Meynarti Sari Dewi Ibrahim, Indah Sulistiyorini

Abstract


Studying the fruit age and proper media formulation is one of the important stages in embryo culture of coffee. The data is highly benefical, especially in saving embryos generated from intra- and inter-species crosses that fall prematurely or experience problems in germination. The aim of this study was to determine the suitable age and media formulation for embryo culture of Arabica, Robusta, and Liberica coffee. The study was conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute from January 2019 to November 2020. Murashige and Skoog (MS) media with growth regulators adapted to embryonic development were used in this study. The three types of coffee divided into 5 groups, namely pinhead, immature, early mature, almost mature, mature, and used as planting material. The research was designed in a completely randomized design with 10 replications, and media formulation as a treatment. The results showed that embryo culture of the three coffee species was conducted successfully, except for pinhead fruit. The older the cultured fruit, the higher the percentage of germination. There is a difference in germination time between the three coffee species. The  medium for embryo culture should be adjusted with the age of the fruit being cultured. Aside from growing embryos, the cultured mature fruit embryos on MS medium given 0.5 mg/l BA can also be used for propagation by utilizing the secondary somatic embryos formation.

Keywords


Coffea spp.; embryo rescue; plant growth regulators; secondary somatic embryo; sprouts

Full Text:

PDF (Indonesian)

References


Ahmed, W., Feyissa, Ti., & Tesfaye. Disasa. (2013). Somatic embryogenesis of a coffee (Coffea arabica L.) hybrid using leaf explants. Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology, 88(4), 469–475.

Alves, S. A. O., Lemos, O. F. de, Filho, B. G. dos S., & Silva, A. L. L. da. (2011). In vitro embryo rescue of interspecific hybrids of oil palm (Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineensis). Journal of Biotechnology and Biodiversity, 2(2), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.20873/jbb.uft.cemaf.v2n2.alves

Arsyad, M. A., Sudarsono, Purwito, A., & Dinarti, D. (2016). Pengaruh Umur Embrio dan Jenis Media Dasar Terhadap Keberhasilan Embryo Rescue Aren [Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr.] secara In Vitro. Buletin Palma, 14(1), 20–27. https://doi.org/10.21082/bp.v14n1.2013.20-27

Bojórquez-Quintal, J. E. de A., Sánchez-Cach, L. A., Gamboa-Tec, N. F., Quintal-Tun, F., Minero-García, Y., Martínez-Estévez, M., … de los Santos-Briones, C. (2011). Effect of plant growth regulators on in vitro germination of coffee zygotic embryos. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(82), 19056–19065. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB11.2794

Buttibwa, M., Kawuki, R. S., Tugume, A. K., Akol, J., Magambo, S., Apio, H., … Baguma, Y. (2015). In vitro embryo rescue and plant regeneration following self-pollination with irradiated pollen in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). African Journal of Biotechnology, 14(27), 2191–2201. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajb2015.14577

De Castro, R. D., & Marraccini, P. (2006). Cytology, biochemistry and molecular changes during coffee fruit development. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 18(1), 175–199. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-04202006000100013

Devi, I., Singh, H., & Thakur, A. (2017). Effect of developmental stage and medium on embryo culture of low chill peach hybrids. Current Science, 113(9), 1771–1775. https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v113/i09/1771-1775

Fathi, H., & Jahan, U. (2012). Review of embryo culture in fruit trees. Annals of Biological Research, 3(9), 4276–4281. Retrieved from http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/ABR-vol3-iss9/ABR-2012-3-9-4276-4281.pdf

Geromel, C., Ferreira, L. P., Guerreiro, S. M. C., Cavalari, A. A., Pot, D., Pereira, L. F. P., … Marraccini, P. (2006). Biochemical and genomic analysis of sucrose metabolism during coffee (Coffea arabica) fruit development. Journal of Experimental Botany, 57(12), 3243–3258. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erl084

Gimase, J. M., Omondi, C. O., & Kathurima, C. W. (2015). Coffee improvement by interspecific hybridization: A review. J. Agric. Crop Res., 3(3), 41–46.

Gonçalves, M. C., Pinto, L. R., Souza, S. C., & Landell, M. G. a. (2012). Virus diseases of sugarcane. A constant challenge to sugarcane breeding in Brazil. Functional Plant Science and Biotechnology, 6(2), 108–116.

Ibrahim, M. S. D., Hartati, R. R. S., Rubiyo, Purwito, A., & Sudarsono. (2015). The induction of primary and secondary somatic embryo to support Arabica coffee propagation. Journal of Tropical Crop Science, 2(3), 6–13. https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.2.3.6-13

Ibrahim, M. S. D., & Hartati, R. S. (2017). Peningkatan induksi kalus embriogenik dan konversi embrio somatik kopi Robusta klon BP 308. JTIDP, 4(3), 121-132. https://doi.org/10.21082/jtidp.v4n3.2017.p121-132

Ibrahim, M. S. D., Hartati, R. S., Rubiyo, Purwito, A., & Sudarsono. (2017). Efficiency of culture media and aplication temporary immersion system on somatic embryogenesis Arabica coffee. Jurnal Littri, 23(1), 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/littri. v23n1.2017.45 - 54

Ichsan, C. N., Hereri, A. I., & Budiarti, L. (2013). Kajian Warna buah dan ukuran benih terhadap viabilitas benih kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) Varietas Gayo 1. Jurnal Flaratek, 8, 110–117.

Kim, S. H., Kwon, J. H., Park, Y. S., & Heo, J. Y. (2020). In vitro embryo rescue for the production of hypotetraploids after cross between hypotetraploid and tetraploid grape cultivars. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 48(1), 503–508. https://doi.org/10.15835/NBHA48111795

Kumari, P., Thaneshwari, T., & Rahul, R. (2018). Embryo rescue in horticultural crops. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 7(06), 3350–3358. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.706.393

Maulida, D., Erfa, L., & Marveldani. (2020). Kultur embrio kelapa kopyor menggunakan beberapa konsentrasi BA dan air kelapa kopyor. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan, 20(3), 247–251. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.25181/jppt.v20i3.1929

Partelli, F. L., Espindula, M. C., Marré, W. B., & Vieira, H. D. (2014). Dry matter and macronutrient accumulation in fruits of Conilon coffee with different ripening cycles. Revista Brasileira de Ciência Do Solo, 38(1), 214–222. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832014000100021

Pasqual, M., Cavalcante-Alves, J. M., Andrade, L. M. C. O., Pereira, A. B., Maciel, A. L. R., & de Castro, R. D. (2000). In vitro embryo culture of Coffea arabica: The influence of NAA and BAP. Coffee Biotechnology and Quality, 171–178. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1068-8_14

Rohaeni, N., & Farida. (2015). Pengaruh tingkat kematangan buah terhadap viabilitas benih kopi (Coffea robusta L.). Jurnal Pertanian Terpadu, 7(2), 228–235.

Sahijram, L., Soneji, J. R., Naren, A., & Rao, B. M. (2013). Hybrid embryo rescue: a non-conventional breeding strategy in horticultural crops. Journal of Horticultural Sciences, 8(1), 1–20. Retrieved from https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20143192615

Udomdee, W., Wen, P.-J., Chin, S., & Chen, F.-C. (2014). Effect of storage temperature on seed viability and in vitro germination of Nobile dendrobium hybrids. Thai Agricultural Research Journal 32(2), 201–217.

Uma, S., Lakshmi, S., Saraswathi, M. S., Akbar, A., & Mustaffa, M. M. (2011). Embryo rescue and plant regeneration in banana (Musa spp.). Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 105(1), 105–111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-010-9847-9

Valdés, Y. C., Shukla, M. R., González Vega, M. E., & Saxena, P. K. (2021). Improved conservation of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) germplasm via micropropagation and cryopreservation. Agronomy, 11(9), 1861. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091861




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jtidp.v8n3.2021.p151-164

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 
P-ISSN: 2356-1297
E-ISSN: 2528-7222
Accredited No.30/E/KPT/2018 on Oktober 24, 2018 by Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia

                  

Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (JTIDP) Editorial Office :

Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute
Jl. Raya Pakuwon Km. 2, Parungkuda, Sukabumi 43357 Jawa Barat Indonesia
Telp : (0266) 6542181
Fax : (0266) 6542087
Email : jtidp@litbang.pertanian.go.id, uppublikasi@gmail.com
Website : http://balittri.litbang.pertanian.go.id


View My Stats