POTENSI DUA ISOLAT LOKAL Pleurotus sp. SEBAGAI ANTAGONIS TERHADAP Ganoderma sp.
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Pleurotus sp. merupakan salah satu jamur yang lebih dikenalsebagai jamur pangan. Selain sebagai jamur pangan, jamur tersebut jugadilaporkan memiliki kemampuan antimikrobial. Dalam penelitian inidipelajari potensi isolat lokal Pleurotus sp. sebagai antagonis terhadapfungi patogen Ganoderma sp. yang merupakan penyebab penyakit pentingpada tanaman perkebunan terutama kelapa sawit. Penelitian dilakukan diLaboratorium Penyakit Hutan Fakultas Kehutanan IPB dari bulan Julisampai dengan Oktober 2004. Penelitian menggunakan dua isolat lokalPleurotus sp.1 dan Pleurotus sp.4 yang merupakan koleksi LaboratoriumPenyakit Hutan Fakultas Kehutanan IPB. Inokulum Ganoderma sp.diperoleh dengan mengisolasi langsung tubuh buah dari tegakan mahoniyang tumbuh di samping Laboratorium Penyakit Hutan. Uji antagonismein vitro dilakukan dengan metode oposisi langsung dalam cawan petriberdiameter 9 cm. Peubah yang diamati adalah jari-jari koloni patogenyang tumbuh ke arah antagonis dan terdapat atau tidaknya zonapenghambatan pada batas kedua koloni jamur. Analisis data dilakukandengan uji-t berpasangan untuk perlakuan yang relevan. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa keberadaan kedua isolat antagonis mampu memper-lambat pertumbuhan menjari Ganoderma sp. Zona penghambatanterbentuk hanya pada antagonisme Ganoderma sp. dengan Pleurotus sp.4tetapi tidak pada antagonisme dengan Pleurotus sp.1. Hal tersebutmenunjukkan perbedaan mekanisme antagonisme pada kedua isolat.
Kata kunci: Pleurotus ostreatus, Ganoderma sp., antagonisme, antibiosis
ABSTRACT
The Antagonistic Potentid of Two Local Isolates ofPleurotus sp. against Ganoderma sp.
Pleurotus sp. is mushrooms which is more famous as a foodfungus. Aside from being a food, this fungus is also reported to haveantimicrobial capabilities. This research studied the potential of localisolates Pleurotus sp. as antagonists to pathogenic fungi Ganodermasp. Research conducted at the Laboratory of Forest Disease, Faculty ofForestry IPB, from July to October 2004. The study used two local isolatesPleurotus sp.1 and Pleurotus sp.4 which were collectioned from ForestDisease Laboratory of the Faculty of Forestry, IPB. Ganodermasp. inoculum was obtained directly by isolating the fruit body on themahogany stands growing beside the Forest Disease Laboratory.Antagonism in vitro test was conducted using direct opposition in the petridish, 9 cm in diameter. Variables measured were the radius of pathogencolonies which grew in the direction to antagonist colony, and the presenceor absence of inhibition zone at the border of both fungal colonies. Thedata were analyzed with paired t-test for the relevant treatment. The resultsshowed that the existence of two antagonistic isolates were able to inhibitthe growth of Ganoderma sp. Inhibition zone was formed only on theantagonism of Ganoderma sp. with Pleurotus sp.4 but not in antagonismwith Pleurotus sp.1. This shows the mechanism difference of antagonismon both isolates.
Key words: Pleurotus ostreatus, Ganoderma sp., antagonism, antibiosis
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PDFDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jlittri.v17n4.2011.174-178
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